生物力学作用对骨髓间充质干细胞增殖和成骨分化影响研究进展

骨髓间充质干细胞在体内所处的力学环境比较复杂，为了探索生物力学与骨髓间充质干细胞增殖分化之间的关系，对近年来生物力学微环境对骨髓间充质干细胞增殖分化影响的研究现状和最新进展进行了综述。认为牵张力与流体剪切力对骨髓间充质干细胞产生的刺激大部分会使其向成骨方向分化，而较大的压缩力和静水压力对骨髓间充质干细胞产生的刺激大部分会使其偏向软骨方向分化，小部分向成骨方向分化，每种分化方向都有其最适的分化条件。通过综述生物力学对骨髓间充质干细胞增殖及成骨分化的影响，为骨髓间充质干细胞的骨组织工程与再生医学研究及更好地应用于临床治疗提供思路和参考依据。

Research progress on the effect of biomechanics on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

The biomechanical environment of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vivo is relatively complex. To explore the relationship between biomechanics and the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSC, This review summarizes the current research status and latest progress of the effects of biomechanical microenvironment on the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal sterm cells in recent years.Results showed that mechanical tension stress and fluid shear stress on BMSCs generated most of the stimuli to direct cell differentiation and that larger compression force and static water pressure on BMSCs generated most of the stimuli to direct cells toward cartilage differentiation and a minority of cells toward osteogenic differentiation. Cell differentiation in each direction occurred under its optimal conditions. Here we reviewed the effects of biomechanics on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSC, which may provide insights and references for research on bone tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and clinical applications of BMSCs.