60岁以上老年人急性心肌梗死的临床表现及护理措施

对≥60岁组急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者组与同期收治的≤59岁组AMI组患者的性别结构、基础病变、发病特点、临床过程及转归进行比较,旨在探讨老年AMI患者的临床特点,结果发现,≥60岁AMI患者中女性患者比例、合并糖尿病率、发生心律失常、心力衰竭、意识丧失、并发呼吸道感染、总死亡率等指标均明显高于≤59岁组（P＜0,01或P＜0.05）;而有明显诱因和出现典型心绞痛症状的发生率则明显低于≤59岁组（P＜0.01）.急救护理应强调积极的有效内科治疗、预防和治疗并发症、精密观察病情、视病情调整患者的活动量、注意加强排便护理、对患者实施心身整体护理等措施.

Clinical Manifestations and Nursing Measures for Patients over 60 with AMI

Sexual composition,basic pathologic changes,incident features,clinical process and prognosis of patients over and below 60 with AMI were compared.The indexes of female patients,concurrent diabetes,arrhythmia,heart failure,unconsciousness,respiratory tract infection or total mortality in patients over 60 were significantly different from those in patients below 60(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Precipitating cause and typical symptoms for agina pectoris appeared more frequently below 60 than those over 60(P<0.01).The keys to emergency nursing include effective medical treatments,preventing and curing complications,constantly observing the changes of patient's condition,basing patient's activity on his condition,paying attention to patient's defecation and performing holistic nursing.