无线传感网中一种基于伪随机的高效MAC协议设计

空闲侦听是影响多跳无线传感器网络部署能效和寿命的关键因素。虽然当前的睡眠/唤醒调度协议能避免简单流量模式时的空闲侦听,但无法有效消除随机路由协议的复杂流量模式所导致的空闲侦听问题。文中提出一种基于伪随机的MAC协议(MAC-PR),减少了在节点上部署大量睡眠/唤醒调度信息所产生的额外开销。MAC-PR利用伪随机发生器的种子对调度信息进行编码,然后将该种子添加到传输中的数据报文,允许各个接收器/窃听器根据种子计算出它的睡眠/唤醒调度信息。另外,MAC-PR通过额外计算有效避免了昂贵的控制报文传输成本。通过模拟及在TelosB节点上的实际部署,证明了MAC-PR可以有效消除空闲侦听问题,使得基于随机路由协议的数据报文传输具有自稳定、低延时、低成本等特征。

An Efficient MAC Protocal Design Based on Pseudo-Random in Wireless Sensor Networks

Idle-listening is the key factor for energy-efficiency and longevity of multihop wireless sensor network(WSN) deployments. While existing coordinated sleep/wakeup scheduling protocols eliminate idle-listening for simple traffic patterns, they are unsuitable to handle idle-listening by producing the complex traffic patterns of the random routing protocols. We present a MAC protocal based on Pseudo-Random (MAC-PR) , which avoids the overhead of distributing complex, large sleep/wakeup scheduling information to the nodes. MAC-PR piggybacks onto the relayed data packets the seed of the pseudo-random generator that encodes the scheduling information, and enables any recipient/snooper to calculate its sleep/wakeup schedule from this seed. In addition, MAC-PR trades off doing extra computation in order to avoid expensive control packet transmission cost. We show through simulations and real implementation on TelosB motes that MAC-PR eliminates the idle-listening problem, and makes the transmissions of data packets based on random routing protocal having those characteristics of self-stabilizing, low-latency, and low-cost relaying.