滑坡地质灾害远程实时监测预报技术与工程应用

针对传统滑坡地质灾害监测预报技术存在的问题,提出"滑坡发生的充分必要条件是滑动力大于滑动面抗滑力,并将滑动力的变化作为滑坡监测预报主要参数"的学术思想。以工程边坡为研究背景,开发滑坡超前滑动力物理模拟实验、工程灾害物理模型实验等系统。采用室内和现场测试、物理和数值模拟等综合研究方法,建立力学模型,推导了相关公式,研发恒阻大变形缆索及其滑坡地质灾害防治—加固—监测—预报一体化控制技术。研发基于滑动力变化的滑坡地质灾害远程监测预报新技术及装备系统,通过大量实测曲线分析,总结四种相应的滑坡预警模式。结果表明,自2006年以来,该项技术已在露天煤矿和金属矿开采、西气东输、高速公路等工程边坡及其他自然边坡中成功推广应用,取得显著的经济和社会效益。

Real-time remote monitoring and forecasting technology for landslide disasters based on sliding force variation and its engineering application

Aimed at the problems negatively affecting traditional monitoring and forecasting technology of landslide geological disasters,this paper highlights the academic thinking,"the necessary and sufficient condition of the occurrence of landslide is that the sliding force is greater than the anti-sliding force of the sliding surface,and the sliding force changes are regarded as the main parameters of landslide monitoring and forecasting".Based on the research background of engineering slope,the paper introduces many systems developed,such as physical simulation experiments of landslide ahead of sliding force and physical model experiments of engineering disasters,followed by some comprehensive research methods,including indoor and field tests,physical and numerical simulation methods,describes the development of mechanical model,related formulas,and the large deformation cable of constant resistance and its control technology incorporated with 4 in 1 function,i.e.reinforcement,controlling and prevention,monitoring,and forecasting of the side slope,along with landslide remote monitoring and forecasting new technology and its equipment system which is based on sliding force changes,and provides the corresponding landslide forecasting models through the analysis of large quantities of measured curve.The successful use of this technology in many provinces and regions in China has yielded some remarkable economic and social benefits.