中国乡村旅游重点村的空间分布与影响因素研究

乡村旅游重点村是推动乡村全面振兴的重要抓手，文章以中国首批乡村旅游重点村为研究对象，综合运用ArcGIS空间分析、数理统计分析等方法探析中国乡村旅游重点村空间分布特征及影响因素.结果表明：1) 中国乡村旅游重点村整体上以“胡焕庸人口线”为界，呈“东密西疏”的凝聚型分布特征；以“中心城市-城市群-旅游重点开发区”为依托，区域尺度上集中连片聚集分布；省级层面上其空间分布密度差异较大，空间分形特征显著且结构复杂.2) 乡村旅游重点村随着海拔升高而数目递减，具有明显的沿河流、海滨分布的特点；作为一种独特的旅游文化资源，主要分布在经济文化较为发达的东北农业文化地区、黄土高原等文化副区.3) 乡村旅游重点村空间分布密度与经济发展水平呈正相关，客源市场和专业人才共同驱动其布局发展；另外，交通走廊串起乡村旅游“经济链”，推动了乡村旅游重点村的发展建设.

The spatial distribution and influencing factors of key villagesin rural tourism in China

The key village of rural tourism is an important starting point to promote the overall revitalization of rural tourism. Based on this， in this paper the first batch of key villages of rural tourism in China are taken as the research object， and the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of these villagesare analyzed using ArcGIS spatial analysis， mathematical statistics analysis and other methods. The results are summarized as follows. 1) As a whole， the key villages of rural tourism in China are bounded by “Hu Line”， showing the agglomerative distribution characteristic of “Dense in the east while sparse in the west”. Relying on “central city-urban agglomeration-key tourism development zone”， the area is concentrated and distributed in contiguous areas. At the provincial level， the spatial distribution density varies greatly. And the fractal characteristics of these villages are obvious and the fractal structure is complex. 2) As a unique tourism and cultural resource， the key villages of rural tourism are mainly distributed in the economically and culturally developed agricultural areas of northeast China， the sub-cultural areas of Loess plateau， South of the Five Ridges sub-cultural areas， Kanto sub-cultural areas and the sub-cultural areas of southwest China.3) The number of key villages in rural tourism decreases with the elevation rise， which has the characteristics of obvious distribution along the river and the seashore. The spatial distribution density of key rural tourism villages is positively correlated with the level of economic development. Also， the spatial distribution density and the quality level of population jointly drive the development of population distribution.