我国省域间技术创新能力的差异及其空间效应

以专利授权量代表技术创新能力,利用Gini系数和空间计量经济模型对我国省域间技术创新能力水平的差异进行实证分析。研究结果表明:省域间技术创新能力的差距比较大,差距和不均衡主要表现为实用新型专利和外观设计专利的差距,大部分创新能力水平的差异是由地区间差异解释的;另外,省域技术创新呈现空间依赖性,具有空间效应,大中型企业科研人员以及对大学的科研经费的投入是我国省域间技术创新能力不均衡的主要影响因素。据此对增强各地区以专利数量衡量的创新能力,缩小差距,提出相关的政策和建议。

Regional Disparity and Spatial Effects in Technological Innovation Capability between Provinces

Gini index and spatial econometrics models are applied to measure the regional disparity and inequality in the techno- logical innovation represented by the number of the granted patents. The results show that, the gap between technological innovation ca- pability widened and the inequality were mainly caused by the differences in new type and practical patent and exterior design patent; most of the disparity and difference is explained by the differences between regions ; there exist a spatial effect of the technological inno- vation and the input level and capability of R＆D has significant influence on regional technological innovation ability. Some policies, and scientific research personnel of large and medium enterprises and scientific research investment into colleges and universities are the main factors for the imbalanced technological innovation capability. Suggestions are put forward to narrow the gap and improve the innovation capability as evaluated with the patent number.