基于北斗卫星校准的连接端站干涉测量与定轨

为提高连接端站干涉(connected-element interferometry, CEI)测量对地球静止卫星轨道(geostationary satellite orbit, GEO)空间角位置的测量精度, 通常采用射电源标校消除大部分公共误差, 但需要在测站配置大口径高增益天线以接收射电源的微弱信号。针对该问题, 以北斗导航卫星为标校源, 仅利用测站现有天线即可实现高精度CEI测量。利用喀什测控站相距20 km的两套天线设备对天链GEO卫星开展CEI测量。经北斗卫星校准后, 时延测量精度可达0.03 ns。定轨结果表明, 7 h的时延和单站测距数据联合定轨位置精度可达37 m, 预报12 h位置偏差约为78 m。与3 000 km范围分布的多站测距系统24 h弧段定轨精度相当, 验证了该技术用于GEO卫星高精度测定轨和机动后轨道恢复的可行性。

Using CEI for GEO orbit determination based on Beidou satellite calibration

To improve the angular accuracy of connected-element interferometry(CEI)measurement for geostationary satellite orbit(GEO)satellites,the calibration based on radio source is needed to remove the most of common errors.The large aperture and high-gain antenna is usually necessary to receive weak signal from radio source.Using Beidou satellite for calibration is presented based on existing antenna in ground station.The CEI measurement is carried out for Tianlian GEO satellite on 20 km baseline between two antennas in using two sets of antenna equipment 20 km apart from Kashi TT&C station tracking and data relay satellite system(TDRSS).After calibration by Beidou satellite,the accuracy of time-delay measurement is 0.03 ns.The position accuracy of orbit determination is 37 m using 7 h of ranging from single station and CEI measurements.The position uncertainty of 12 h prediction reaches 78 m.The result is corresponded to the accuracy of orbit determination of 24 h from multi-station ranging system 3000 km apart.Therefore,using the cali brated CEI could effectively improve the utilization of ground stations and GEO orbit determination accuracy.