成都地区健康犬及其畜主鼻腔金黄色葡萄球菌和中间型葡萄球菌的分离及耐药性研究

为了解成都地区健康犬及其主人金黄色葡萄球菌和中间型葡萄球菌的携带率及耐药情况,对收集的鼻腔棉拭子样本308份(犬源和人源各154份)进行相关细菌分离、纯化及鉴定.对获得菌株进行药物敏感性和mec A基因检测.结果表明:犬源和人源金黄色葡萄球菌分离率分别为5.19%(8/154)和13.64%(21/154),犬源和人源中间型葡萄球菌分离率分别为9.74%(15/154)和2.60%(4/154);金黄色葡萄球菌和中间型葡萄球菌中mec A检出率分别达20.71%和68.42%;29株金黄色葡萄球菌对磺胺二甲嘧啶耐药最严重(耐药率R达93.10%),对青霉素G和复方新诺明耐药较严重(R分别为72.41%和58.62%),对其余药物呈不同水平耐药性(耐药率范围6.90%~27.59%);19株中间型葡萄球菌对磺胺二甲嘧啶、青霉素G耐药非常严重(R分别达100.00%和94.74%),对红霉素及复方新诺明耐药较严重(R分别为78.95%和73.68%),对其余药物呈不同水平耐药性(R范围5.26%~63.16%),26.32%中间型葡萄球菌对苯唑西林耐药.不同来源菌株表现出较严重多重耐药性,尤其是耐苯唑西林中间型葡萄球菌呈100.00%多重耐药性.以上结果说明,健康犬和人类鼻腔内可携带金黄色葡萄球菌和中间型葡萄球菌,这些菌株已呈较严重耐药性,在这些菌株中mec A基因普遍存在,应加强对这两种细菌流行情况及其耐药性检测.

Investigation of carrying rates and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus intermedius in healthy dogs and their owners in Chengdu city

In order to understand the carrying rates and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Staphylococcus intermedius (S. intermedius) in healthy dogs and their owners in Chengdu area, a total of 308 samples of nasal swabs were collected, in which 154 samples were taken from healthy dogs and their owners respectively. Then isolation and identification of the bacteria and the experiment of their antibiotic susceptibility were carried out. The results showed that the isolation rates of S. aureus of dogs and humans were 5.19% (8/154) and 13.64% (21/154) respectively, and that the separation rate of S. intermedius were 9.74% (15/154) and 2.60% (4/154) respectively. The resistance rate of 29 strains of S. aureus to sulfamethazine was the highest and up to 91.3%, the resistance rates to penicillin and cotrimoxazole accounted for 73.91% and 60.87% respectively, and to clindamycin and other drugs the results ranged from 6.90% to 27.59%. The drug resistance rate of 19 strains of S. intermedius to sulfamethazine was the highest and up to 100%, the resistance rates to penicillin, erythromycin and cotrimoxazole were 78.95%, 94.74% and 73.68% respectively, to oxacillin the drug resistance rate was 26.32% (resistant to methicillin), to clindamycin and other drugs the results ranged from 5.26% to 63.16%. Different sources of strains showed a serious multi-drug resistance. Especially the methicillin-resistant S. intermedius were 100% multi-drug resistance. The present result shows that healthy dogs'' and humans'' nasal can carry S.aureus and S. intermedius, which are more serious resistant. MecA gene exists generally in these strains. The epidemiological characteristics and drug resistance test of these two kinds of bacteria should be strengthened.