Janus head: the dual role of HLA-G in CNS immunity |
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Authors: | Yu-Hwa?Huang Laura?Airas Nicholas?Schwab Email author" target="_blank">Heinz?WiendlEmail author |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Neurology, Inflammatory Disorders of the Nervous System and Neurooncology,University of Müenster,Müenster,Germany;2.Department of Neurology, MediCity Research Laboratory,Turku University Hospital,Turku,Finland |
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Abstract: | The central nervous system (CNS) is considered an immune-privileged organ that maintains an adaptable immune surveillance
system. Dysregulated immune function within the CNS contributes to the development of brain tumor growth, and robust immune
activation results in excessive inflammation. Human lymphocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) proteins with tolerogenic immunoreactivity
have been implicated in various pathophysiological processes including immune surveillance, governing homeostasis and immune
regulation. In this review, we describe the wealth of evidence for the involvement of HLA-G in the CNS under physiological
and pathological conditions. Further, we review regulatory functions that may be applicable as beneficial strategies in the
therapeutic manipulation of immune-mediated CNS immune responses. Additionally, we try to understand how this molecule cooperates
with other CNS-resident cells to maintain normal immune homeostasis, while still facilitating the development of the appropriate
immune responses. |
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