植入式人体通信技术发展与未来刘益和,张简

人体通信技术是一项新兴的无线通信技术，因创伤小、不会感染和设备定位方便，在人体实时医疗监测领域发挥着非常重要的作用。按照电极的耦合方式分类，人体通信可分为电容耦合型人体通信和电流耦合型人体通信。通过分析整理现有成果可知，电容耦合型人体通信需要共地耦合而不适合于植入式人体通信；电流耦合型人体通信可弥补电容耦合型人体通信的缺点。已有的研究分别对两种耦合方式的样机、实验作了详细的讨论；按照电极的放置位置分别重点分析了“表面-表面”、“表面-植入”、“植入-表面”以及“植入-植入”人体通信的研究现状；指出了该技术的机遇和挑战，展望了该技术的未来。虽然电流耦合型人体通信还面临诸多难题，但是伴随着多种技术的发展，智能化医疗设备的需求，其将成为未来植入式医疗通信技术的必然选择。

Development and prospect of implantable intra-body communication technology

The intra-body communication is an emerging wireless communication technology.Due to slight wound without any in-fection to human body,it makes positioning of relevant devices more easier and plays an important role in real-time monitoring of human body.According to coupling modes of electrodes,the intra-body communication is classified into two types,the capacitive and the galvanic coupling intra-body communication.By analyzing available relevant achievements,it is concluded that the capaci-tive coupling communication is inappropriate for the medical implant intra-body communication because this communication mode requires the common-ground coupling,while the galvanic coupling communication can exactly make up for the disadvantage.In research overviews presently available,prototypes and experiments concerning the two coupling communication modes are thor-oughly discussed,and research status of “surface-to-surface”,“surface-to-implant”,“implant-to-surface”and “implant-to-im-plant”communication methods is emphasized as per installation positions of electrodes.Furthermore,opportunities and challen-ges of the communication technology are presented as well as its prospect.Although the galvanic coupling intra-body communica-tion is confronted with many problems,it will be certain to be chosen in the future implantable medical communication along with the development of various relevant technologies and increasing demand for intelligent medical devices.