虾夷扇贝的摄食生理及其在獐子岛海域的群体滤水能力

为了獐子岛海域虾夷扇贝养殖容量评估模型的建立，采用模拟现场流水系统和生物沉积方法测定了不同规格虾夷扇贝在不同季节的滤水率（CR）、摄食率和吸收效率，并探讨了温度与滤水率的关系.通过断面生物量调查，获得该海域虾夷扇贝的壳高频率分布情况.结果显示，5月份虾夷扇贝的滤水率最大.其它3个月份虾夷扇贝的滤水率差异不显著，10月份的吸收效率最低.温度（T）与滤水率（CR）呈抛物线的关系，在本实验的条件下，虾夷扇贝摄食的最适温度为10 ℃.滤水率与壳高呈典型的幂函数关系.根据滤水率与壳高的关系、獐子岛海域养殖虾夷扇贝的壳高频率分布情况以及总生物量，推算出不同月份的群体滤水能力，结合獐子岛的潮差、水面面积等数据，计算出其在该海域的食物限制性指标--清滤效率.结果显示:目前獐子岛养殖虾夷扇贝的清滤效率平均为0.054<1，虾夷扇贝的养殖量低于养殖容量，在养殖密度和规模上，尚有很大的发展空间.

Feeding Physiology of Scallop Patinopecten Yessoensis and Population Filtering Capacity in Zhang Zidao Island Aquacultural Area

For the purpose of establishing the evaluation model of patiaopecten yessoensis carrying capacity in Zhang Zidao Island waters,the semi-in-situ flowing-through system and the biogenic sediment method were used to measure the clearance rate (CR),feeding and intaking rate of difference size scallops in different seasons.The relationship of clearance rate and water temperature was studied.Through 4 transect’s field surveys,the biomass and shell heights distribution in the areas were got.The results showed that among these experimental conditions,the clearance rate (CR) was highest in May,average CR was 1.05±0.25 L.ind-1.h-1.The relationship of water temperature and CR is same as the parabola line,the CR arrived the peak value at 10 ℃.According to the relationship of CR and shell height,the biomass and shell height distribution in the areas,the population clearance rates in different months were calculated.And combining with the data of average tide range and total surface areas,the food limited indictor-clearance efficiency (CE) was assessed;the average value of CE was 0.054,which was much lower than 1.The results showed that the cultivated density in Zhang Zidao Island is lower than the carrying capacity,which means that the aquacultural industry of the scallop in the area still has a large potential developing space.