试论萨满的职责及其社会作用

萨满文化是原始先民在自然力量和社会力量压迫之下,探索、认识、利用自然以及寻求人与自然之间平衡的,为增强自身生存的信心和增加适应自然的能力而创造出来的世界观,它是人类文明发轫的一个重要标志。萨满文化的内涵与积淀的层面相当丰富,几乎囊括人类社会的方方面面。萨满是沟通人与神之间的使者,作为践行原始萨满文化世界观的核心,萨满在古代社会的职责和社会作用至今依然值得我们去思考,本文试就萨满的职责和社会作用做一简要论述。

Research on the Duties of Shaman and Its Social Functions

Shaman culture is a world view for primary ancestors to understand, realize and use the nature, as well as seek balance between human and nature to enforce the confidence in existence and capacity of adapting to the nature, which is an important sign of human civilization. The connotation of Shaman culture is rich, concerning all aspects of human society. Shaman, as a core of practicing primitive ideas, is an envoy between people and God. The duties and social significance in ancient world is worth thinking for us nowadays. This paper briefly discusses these duties and social functions.