《墨经》数学今释

《墨经》是墨子著作的一部分，其中也有墨家弟子增补的内容。《墨经》包含丰富的数学、物理学和逻辑学知识，是研究先秦科学技术史的宝贵文献，在中国和世界学术史一上占有重要的地位。由于《墨经》文字古奥简晦，现传本又多有衍脱讹误，因此如何理解各条经文，历来众说纷纭，分歧很大，争论很多。本文对《墨经》中涉及数学概念和数学命题的经文作了初步的归纳和整理，并对较重要的或在认识上存在较大分歧的数学定义和命题作了新的诠释，最后对《墨经》数学的特点和意义进行了简要的评述，以期为深入探讨《墨经》数学和墨子数学思想提供一个新的基础。

MODERN EXPLANATION OF THE MATHEMATICS IN MO JING (MOHIST CANON)

In Mo Jing, which forms a pod of the works of Master Mo, the content supplemented by for disciples can aJso be found. As there is in it a wealth of knowledge of mathematics,physics and logic, it is a precious piece of literature for the study of the history of science and technology of the pre-Qin period and holds a prominent position in the academic history of China and the world.Owing to the 'fact that the language of extant editions of Mo Jing is archaic, abstruse, oversimplified and obscure apart from the presence of redundancies,omissions and errors,there have always been great difference and heated disputes about the interpretstion of the words of Mo Jing. This paper makes a tentative summing up and arrangement of its words dealing with matematical concepts and propositions, gives a modern explanation to the mathematical definitions and propositions for which there exists great difference of opinion, and finally comments briefly on the characteristics and significance of its mathematics in the hope of providing a new basis to go deeper in our discussion of the mathematics in Mo Jing and the mathematical thinking of Master Mo.