基于相对灵敏度的重型自卸车结构轻量化设计

为了实现重型自卸车的轻量化设计,通过对自卸车整体进行有限元建模,对其进行四种运输和两种卸料工况载荷作用下的刚度与强度分析及整车模态性能分析,评价其静态和动态工况下整车的性能要求。对整车部件进行位移、强度、模态和质量的灵敏度计算,并定义相对灵敏度。运用相对灵敏度分析的结果确定优化设计变量,在保证整车静动态性能不降低的前提下,对整车结构进行了尺寸优化和形状优化相结合的优化方法。结果表明,优化后整车静动态特性明显改善,且总质量减轻了10.2%。验证了该轻量化设计方法的可行性。

Lightweight design of dump truck structure based on relative sensitivity analysis

In order to realize the lightweight design of heavy dump trucks,through the finite element modeling of the dump truck as a whole. Carry out four kinds of transportation and unloading conditions under the load of stiffness and strength analysis and vehicle modal performance analysis, evaluate the performance requirements of the vehicle under static and dynamic conditions. Calculate the sensitivity of displacement, strength, mode and mass of the whole vehicle components, and define the relative sensitivity. Using the results of the relative sensitivity analysis to determine the optimal design variables, while ensuring the vehicle just under the premise of strength and low order modal frequency, size optimization and shape optimization of vehicle structure combining optimization method.The results show that the static and dynamic characteristics of the vehicle are significantly improved after optimization, and the total mass is reduced by 10.2%. The feasibility of the lightweight design method is verified.