分光计调整难点原理图析

利用分光计,可测三棱镜顶角、棱镜的折射率以及谱线波长等实验,因此,分光计的调整非常重要,分光计调整的准确与否直接关系到各物理量的测定精度．在对分光计上自准直望远镜调整到无穷远的过程中,学生普遍感到难于理解的两个问题是：其一,调节十字叉丝像和十字刻画板的上十字线重合,望远镜光轴就垂直于载物台的旋转主轴了;其二,采用垂直与平行以及二分之一逐渐逼近法,并辅助望远镜光轴倾斜度的调节,使十字叉丝像均与十字刻画板的上十字线重合．本文重点讨论上述两调节标志的依据,并利用绘制光路图对其进行剖析,供从事物理实验的同行及学生参考．

Analysis on Principle of Spectrometer Adjusting by Diagram

The tip angle of triangular prism and the refractive index of the prism and the wavelength etc can be measured with spectrometer. For this, it is very important to adjust the spectrometer. The degree of accuracy on adjusting spectrometer impact directly the precision of every physics magnitude measured. In the processes of adjusting the telescope of spectrometer to far, there are two problems that students think it is difficulty to understand. (1) Why is only to adjust "+"picture of telescope of spectrometer and superposed "+"of board superposition? The telescope light axes and principal spinning axes of table loading body measured meet at right angles. (2) To adjust "+"picture of telescope of spectrometer and superposed "+"of board superposition, the ways of vertical and parallel adjusting, the approaching one of tow gradually and the lean of telescopic light axes adjusting are used. The foundation of two signs above-mentioned is emphatically discussed in this work by drawing light route chart. The idea of this paper can be referenced for colleagues and students working on physical experiment.