扎龙湿地注水后恢复初期春季丹顶鹤(Grus japonensis)繁殖行为观察

2003年4月在扎龙国家级自然保护区,对野生、散养和杂配三种类型的丹顶鹤求偶期和孵化期行为进行了观察.结果表明,丹顶鹤在求偶期和孵化期的行为具有较强的规律性,主要行为(＞5%)所占频率为:求偶期野生丹顶鹤觅食50.97%、警戒27.47%、游走8.57%、筑巢5.61%,散养丹顶鹤觅食47%、警戒23.18%、静栖5.75%、游走14.69%、理羽8.4%;孵化期野生丹顶鹤孵化49.86%、觅食29.50%、警戒16.81%,散养丹顶鹤孵化48.67%、觅食31.53%、警戒13.79%,杂配丹顶鹤孵化46.8%、觅食27.24%、警戒20.61%.求偶期野生丹顶鹤的觅食行为和警戒行为均高于散养鹤,但游走行为较散养鹤低.杂配丹顶鹤的警戒性最强,其次是野生丹顶鹤,散养丹顶鹤的警戒性最差.散养丹顶鹤最早进入孵化期,杂配鹤开始孵化时间和野生鹤类似.

The breeding behaviors of Red-crowned Crane (Grus japonensis)in initial restoration stage in Zhalong Nature Reserve after irrigating in spring

In Zhalong Nature Reserve,three type-wild,captive and hybrid (one is captive,the other is wild)pairs of Red-crowned Crane which are in incubating period and courtship period were observed.The results showed that:various behaviors of Red-crowned Crane during breeding season are regular.The time budget of wild crane pairs in courtship period was:feeding(50.97%),then alert (27.47%),locomotion(8.57%),nest-bulit(5.61%);captive pairs in courtship period was:feeding(47%),alert(23.18%),resting(5.75%),locomotion(14.69%),hackling(8.4%);wild pairs in incubating period was:incubation(49.86%),feeding(29.50%),alert(16.81%)captive pairs in incubating period was:incubation((48.67%),feeding)(31.53%),alert(13.79%);hybrid pairs in incubating period was:incubation(46.8%),feeding(27.24%),alert(20.61%).The feeding and alerting behavior of the wild cranes are both more than captive cranes,but the locomotion of the wild cranesare less than the captive cranes.The alerting behaviors of the hybrid cranes are better than the other two ,the second are the wild cranes,and the captive cranes are the weakest.The incubating period of the captive cranes are the first.