戏剧中的黑暗精灵——论《哈姆雷特》与《牡丹亭》的鬼魂戏

莎士比亚和汤显祖是16、17世纪之交两个同时代戏剧大师。他们各自的经典代表作《哈姆雷特》与《牡丹亭》中都不约而同地含有鬼魂戏,并且鬼魂戏均是戏剧文本和表演中不可缺少的成分。本文通过对这两部作品的比较,认为:鬼魂戏的出现具有共同的人类文化渊源也反映了两位大师不同的时代风貌及人文主义特色,而鬼魂戏在两部作品中对情节推动和戏剧表现也产生了独特的审美效果,其中的异同更显示了中西戏剧的沟通与民族特色。

The black ghost in tne theatre——The story about the ghost in the Tragedy of Hamlet and the Opera of Mudanting

Shakespeare and Tang Xianzu are the famous drama writers lived in the same era between the sixteenth and the seventeenth century.And their representative plays HAMLET and MUDATING have the same part about soul which is considered to be essential for both the drama text and the performance.This essay is to compare between these two texts and argue that the presence of the part about soul in drama has the same culture resource,and still we can find their different characters in their days and their different conceptions of humanism.At the same,the part of soul plays a important role in impulse the develop of the story and manifestation of the play.The same and different factors of the soul part between the two dramas suggest the communication and character of the drama practices between China and the West.