从复杂系统理论看传统思维方式的历史演变

讨论自近代科学以来思维方式演变的历史进程，它基本上可分为三个阶段：现代主义思维方式，系统论思维方式和后现代主义思维。提出现代主义思维方式的主要形式是机械论。机械论与近代科学伴随而生，系统思维以整体性为目标，但方法仍离不开分割和还原；现代主义思维和系统思维都属于构成论的范畴。复杂性科学的兴起，带来了思维方式的重大变革，使其进入以生成论为特征的后现代。文中还穿插论述了发散式和收敛式两种思维形式在人类整体思维方式演变中的作用。

The Historical Evolution of the Traditional Thinking Mode from the Perspective of Complex Systems Theory

This paper discusses the historical evolution of the thinking mode since the time of modern science,which can be divided into three modes:modernist thinking,systems thinking and post-modernist thinking.It points out that the main form of the modernist thinking mode is mechanicalism which emerged with the rise of modern science.Systems thinking concerns integrity,but its approach is closely related to division and restoration.These two thinking modes belong to the category of the theory of constitution.The rise of complex science has brought about an important change in thinking modes.As a result,the post-modernist thinking mode,characterized by generative theory,is engendered.The paper also discusses the role of divergent thinking and convergent thinking modes in the evolution of the integrated mode of human thinking.