山东省土壤中元素含量与母质的关系

根据《全国土壤环境背景值研究》课题的总体设计和实施原则,在山东省境内布置了117个剖面,采集不同发生层次的土壤样品341个。样品严格按统一规定和要求进行加工,获得V、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Hg、As和F等12项元素的测定结果。全省四种主要的土壤类型是由12种不同成土母质发育而成的。本文重点讨论了不同母质及其土壤中元素含量的基本特征。研究表明,土壤中元素的自然含量水平主要取决于成土母质,不同母质的土壤中元素含量的差异是显著的。进一步比较表土与底土之间元素含量的差异,并作显著性检验。结果说明,全省土壤中某些元素的含量,明显受到人为因素的影响,特别是水系沉积物母质发育的土壤,极可能受到Pb、Cd和Hg的污染。

On the Relationship between the Concentrations of Elements in Soil and the Types of Soil-forming Parent Material in Shandong Province, China

341 samples were collected from different horizons of soil at 117 sites across Shandong Province. The concentrations of 12 elements V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Hg, As and F were determined by chemical analysis for each sample. It is known that four major types of soil in the Province are derived from twelve kinds of soil-forming parent materials. The original contents of elements in soil depend on soil -forming materials and the contents among the parent materials are statistically significant difference. Comparing element contents between horizons of A and C in soil profiles and testing the significance of difference by statistical method are further made. The results show that concentrations of some elements are evidently by human activity, particularly soil evolved from fluvial sediments, has been most probably undergone contamination of heavy metal Pb, Cd and Hg.