小脑在运动学习中的作用

小脑在运动学习中的作用日益引起了人们的重视。小脑是运动学习的初级部位这一假说已得到了在各种运动系统中进行的损毁实验、电刺激记录等研究的支持。目前,对眨眼反射和前庭—眼反射的运动学习的研究表明,神经元可塑性遍布干小脑皮层和小脑深部核团;小脑在运动定时学习中起着特殊作用;小脑皮层对深部核团的学习具指导作用。小脑对这两个不同的运动系统的学习所起的作用极为相似,揭示这两系统学习的小脑机理可能代表了许多运动系统小脑依赖式学习的普遍原理。

THE ROLE OF THE CEREBELLUM IN THE MOTOR LEARNING

The role of the cerebellum in the motor learning is very important. Behavioral and physiological data about classical conditioning of the eyelid response and motor learning in the vestibulooccular reflex suggest that plasticity is distributed between the cerebella cortex and deep cerebellr. nuclei;the cerebella cortex plays a special role in learning the timing of movement; and the cercbella cortex guides learning in the deep nuclei, which may allow learning to be transferred from the cortex to the deep nuclei. Because many of the similarities in the data from the two systems verypify general features of cerebella organization, the ccrebella mechanisms of learning in these two systems may represent principles that apply to many motor systems.