商鞅韩非子法治思想探析

商鞅与韩非子是先秦时期法家学派的两位重要代表人物。商鞅是法家学派早期的重要代表之一，其思想开创了法家学派重法的传统，《商君书》是其法治思想的精华。韩非子是法家后期的思想集大成者。他们的思想有相同的一面，也有相异的一面。商鞅法治思想的特点是重“法”，相对忽视了“术”与“势”在国家治理当中的作用。韩非在商鞅重“法”思想的基础上，强调了法治中“术”和“势”的巨大作用，并最终形成了“法”、“术”、“势”三者相结合的法治思想体系。在君臣关系问题上，商鞅强调“君臣共操”，即共同治理国家，使君臣关系和谐；韩非子则提倡以“术”御臣，容易造成君臣关系紧张。从法治思想的具体运用来看，商鞅相对重视“农战”，主张农业和战争相结合，其目的是富国强兵；韩非重君权，其法治思想以君主专制为出发点和归宿。

On the Legal Thoughts of Shang Yang and Han Feizi

Shang Yang and Han Feizi were both outstanding representatives of legal thought during the Qin Dynasty before A. D. Shang ~ang was the representative of early law schools and he built up some very important law traditions. The book - - The Book of Lord Shang collects all essense of his thoughts. Both Shang Yang and Han Fei Zi had a lot in common and shared some differences. As for Shang Yang, he attached importance to laws with ignoring the role of ＂status and power＂ in state ruling. However, Han Feizi did a better job with a new look at＂ status and power＂ based on the basic idea of law. Finally a whole law - ruling ideology system came into being via Han. To affiliation between monarchs and courtiers, Shang claimed monarchs and courtiers＇co -rule of their country, making a harmony relationship with each other, whereas Han insisted that monarchs should govern his subjects by power. For goals of their thoughts, Shang agreed more with the combination of agriculture and wars to enrich and strengthen the country, however, Han focused on the monarchy from start to end.