专利申请中遗传资源来源公开问题系列研究(二)--部分国家和地区立法与TRIPS规则的关系分析

随着生物多样性公约(CBD)的生效和实施,国际社会开始考虑如何通过各项措施切实保护遗传资源和传统知识,发展中国家提出了应在专利制度中增加有关遗传资源及相关传统知识来源公开要求的主张.遗传资源来源公开要求与TRIPS规则的关系甚密,应结合社会、经济等因素的主张来理解TRIPS.尽管增加遗传资源来源公开的要求存在与TRIPS规则有所冲突的质疑,但若将专利制度放在社会大背景下来考察,此主张仍具有其自身的合理性.

Studies in Series on Public Questions of Genetic Resource Origins in Patent Application (Ⅱ)--Analysis on the Relationship Between Legislation of Some Countries or Regions and TRIPS Rules

With the development of biotechnology, the value and function of genetic resources and related traditional knowledge are more and more recognized. The implementation of Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and some cases related to the genetic resources and traditional knowledge also make the international community begin to consider the issue of how to take measures to protect their genetic resources and traditional knowledge. In this connection, developing countries make the proposal of adding disclosure requirement of the source of genetic resources and related traditional knowledge in patent system. This article looks at the relationship between the proposed disclosure requirement and the TRIPS. In this part, a personal idea is expressed that the meaning of TRIPS is related to the development of society and economy, and if we examine the patent system in the context of the whole society, we can find the justice of the proposal.