船用齿轮箱多体动力学仿真及声振耦合分析

基于多体系统动力学理论,综合考虑齿轮副时变啮合刚度、齿侧间隙、轴承支撑刚度等内部激励以及螺旋桨外部激励,建立了含传动系统及结构系统的船用齿轮装置多刚体系统动力学模型,计算了齿轮副动态啮合力及轴承支反力;对齿轮箱及支座进行柔性化处理,形成多柔体系统动力学模型,采用模态叠加法计算了箱体表面的动态响应.而后以多体动力学分析所得的轴承支反力频域历程为边界条件,建立了箱体声振强耦合分析模型,预估了齿轮箱表面声压及外声场辐射噪声.结果表明,齿轮副动态啮合力、轴承支反力以及箱体动态响应频域曲线的峰值均出现在齿轮副的啮合频率及其倍频处;仿真所得的箱体振动加速度及外声场辐射噪声与齿轮箱振动噪声试验台架实测结果吻合良好.

Multi-body Dynamic Simulation and Vibro-acoustic Coupling Analysis of Marine Gearbox

Based on the dynamic theory of multi-body system, a multi-rigid-body dynamic model, which contains the transmission system and structure system of marine gear device, was established by taking account of the internal excitations such as the time-varying mesh stiffness, tooth backlash and bearing stiffness and the external torque excitation caused by the propeller. Then, the dynamic meshing forces of gear pairs and bearing reaction forces were calculated. Using the modal superposition method, the dynamic response of housing surface was solved after the multi-flexible-body dynamic model was developed on the basis of the flexible gearbox and pedestal. Afterwards, a strongly vibro-acoustic coupled model of this gearbox was built by employing the frequency histories of bearing reaction forces obtained from the multi-body dynamics analysis, and the surface sound pressure of gearbox and the radiation noise of outer sound field were calculated. The results show that the peaks of dynamic meshing forces, reaction forces of bearings and dynamic responses of gearbox appear at the position of mesh frequency and its multiples of gear pairs, and the simulation results of vibration acceleration of gearbox and the radiation noise of outer sound field are in good agreement with the experiment results measured in the vibration and noise test platform of the gearbox.