氮肥种类与旌量对油菜种子生育酚的影响

研究目的：创新要点：研究方法：重要结论：生育酚是菜籽重要的品质指标，氮肥是影响作物生物学与籽粒产量最常用的肥料。这项研究旨在搞清楚氮肥种类与施量对油菜种子生育酚含量与组分的确切影响，以及这种影响在基因型之间的差异。这篇论文研究了不同的氮肥种类（硝态氮与铵态氮）与低、中、高施用量对种子生育酚总量与组分的影响，并分析了其中的原因，为通过合理的氮肥施用方案配置，以达到最理想的菜籽生育酚含量或组分提供依据。采用盆钵实验控制氮肥施量与流失的精准方法，五种基因型、二种氮肥种类、三档施量水平，三重复控制误差；尝试用气相色谱法检测菜籽生育酚含量的新方法。尿素比硝酸氨更有利于菜籽总生育酚、阿尔法生育酚及伽马生育酚的有效形成；提高氮肥施量对于菜籽形成高含量的总生育酚与伽马生育酚非常有效，但对提高菜籽阿尔法生育酚含量的效果却不太明显。

Response of seed tocopherols in oilseed rape to nitrogen fertilizer sources and application rates

Tocopherols （Tocs） are vital scavengers of reactive oxygen species （ROS） and important seed oil quality indicators. Nitrogen （N） is one of the most important fertilizers in promoting biomass and grain yield in crop production. However, the effect of different sources and application rates of N on seed Toc contents in oilseed rape is poorly understood. In this study, pot trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of two sources of N fertilizer （urea and ammonium nitrate）. Each source was applied to five oilseed rape genotypes （Zheshuang 72, Jiu-Er-1358, Zheshuang 758, Shiralee, and Pakola） at three different application rates （0.41 g/pot （N1）, 0.81 g/pot （N2）, and 1.20 g/pot （N3））. Results indicated that urea increased α-, y-, and total Toc （T-Toc） more than did ammonium nitrate. N3 was proven as the most efficient application rate, which yielded high contents of y-Toc and T-Toc. Highly significant correlations were observed between Toc isomers, T-Toc, and α-/y-Toc ratio. These results clearly demonstrate that N sources and application rates significantly affect seed Toc contents in oilseed rape.