马尾松不同海拔群体的核型分析

<正>关于马尾松(Pinus massoniana)核型研究的报道。但这方面的研究大多侧重于了解树种间和种以上分类单位核型间的一般性规律,而对种内群体间核型的差异性则研究的较少。本文在马尾松核型分析的基础上,试图了解同一地点不同海拔的马尾松群体间在核型上的差异性,以期在染色体水平上了解马尾松种内群体间的差异性,为今后的工作提供依据。 材料与方法 本试验所用的材料取自福建省晋江地区德化县水口公社的自由授粉马尾松种子。种子分别采自400米,800米、1000米三个海拔高度上的优势木和亚优势木。每一海拔随机选取三棵单株。 随机选取每一海拔每一单株种子50粒左右,经高锰酸钾消毒后,分别置于培养皿中,并在25℃恒温箱内培养发芽。当幼根长达0.5～1.0cm时取样。用0.15％秋水仙素预处理5小时,于70％酒精-冰醋酸(3∶1)固定12小时,然后用1N盐酸在25℃恒温箱中解离30分钟,铁矾-苏木精染色90分钟,最后在45％醋酸中压片镜检。 从每一单株中选取五个来自不同根尖的适合作核型分析的细胞,每一海拔共有十五个细

KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS IN PINUS MASSONIANA LAMB. OF DIFFERENT ELEVATION POPULATIONS

The karyotypes of three elevation populations of pinus massoniana Lamb, were analysed.The haploid number of chromosome is n = 12 in this species. All of the chromosomes are metacentric.The results of variance analysis showed that the differences of the karyotypes among three elevation populations were not significant. It was proper to classify the 12 pairs of chromosomes into three groups according to cluster analysis.It was concluded that it is impossible to distinguish this pine populations of different elevations within same district merely by karyotype analysis. Discussions on chromosomes pairing and Secondary constriction distribution were made in this article.