长江河口及其邻近海域的自然环境

本文概述了长江河口演变过程和水下三角洲的形成机理,河口地区潮汐作用、波浪作用和近岸流系的性质以及长江口外淡水扩散及其对邻近海域的影响等问题。本文还讨论了长江河口环流类型和特征、最大浑浊带分布及其变化、潮滩和水下三角洲的发育以及河口地区生物与环境的关系等。根据上述多方面环境因子的分析并进行汇总,作者对长江河口及其邻近海域的自然环境特征作出了评价。

Natural Environment of the Changjiang Estuary and Its Adjacent Sea

It has been discussed that the formation mechanism of subaquoous delta out of river mouth,the evolution of the Changjiang estuary,the diffusion of fresh water of the Changjiang outside the river mouth and its effect on the vicinity of sea waters,the properties of tidal action,as well as the wave regime in the estuarine region and the processes of fresh-salt water mixing. The main characteristics of circulation patterns in the river mouth,the distribu- tion of turbidity maximum and its variation,flocculation and sedimentation of suspended sediment in estuary,as well as the development of fine-grained tidal fiats and subaque- ous delta are expounded. Based on data derived from a convergence of evidence from different approaches, the natural environment of the Changjiang estuary is evaluated.