放矿条件下塌陷区内尾砂穿流特性

针对尾矿堆存和塌陷区占用土地资源的问题，研究尾砂干排至活动地表塌陷区的可行性.设计了放矿条件下尾砂穿流特性实验，以矿岩散体高度和尾砂高度作为影响因素，采用高速摄影技术，实现尾砂移动过程的可视化.实验结果表明:松动体高度小于尾砂和矿岩散体的交界面时，尾砂不能到达放矿口；松动体高度高于交界面时，尾砂受到放矿扰动的影响且与尾砂接触的岩石发生松散，随即颗粒大量到达放矿口，对井下回采造成影响.随着尾砂高度的不断增加，尾砂在初始阶段渗入量增大，但松动体高度小于尾砂和矿岩散体的交界面时，尾矿未能到达放矿口，因此持续向塌陷区内干排尾砂对矿石的贫化影响较小.

Flow-Through Features of Tailings in Subsidence Area Under Ore Drawing Conditions

The feasibility of dry filling of tailings in the subsidence mine area was studied to overcome those problems caused by stockpiling and land occupation of tailings. The experiment of flow-through features of tailings under mining influence was designed， and the height of overburden rock and tailings was set as influencing factors. The visualization of tailings’ moving process was realized by high-speed camera. The results showed that the tailings cannot reach the drawing holes when the height of the loosening zone is lower than that of the interface between the tailing and the granular media. When the height of the loosening zone is higher than that of the interface， the tailing and the connected rock are loosened by ore drawing， so that the tailing can reach the drawing holes thus affecting mining activities. With the increase of the tailings height， the initial inflow volume of tailings increases， however， it cannot reach the drawing holes if the height of the loosening zone is lower than that of the interface. Therefore， the influence of the dry filling on the stripping ratio of the ore is little.