掏槽方式对光面爆破效果的影响研究

基于光面爆破施工方法,设计了甘肃北山坑探设施项目光面爆破的爆破参数。进而,着重研究了掌子面掏槽方式对光面爆破效果的影响。针对相同的地质条件、围岩及爆破耗材条件下,分别设计了直眼掏槽、单楔形掏槽、双楔形掏槽共计三种掏槽方式。进一步地实施了在不同掏槽方式下光面爆破的施工,获得了直眼掏槽方式更有利于爆破的硐室成型;而单楔形和双楔形掏槽更有利于岩石的破碎及岩渣抛掷。同时,需指出的是,钻爆施工涵盖多种不同的爆破参数,影响因素众多,此爆破试验获取的爆破数据仅仅是对不同掏槽方式的初步探索。研究可对后续工程开挖提供相应的试验数据与理论支撑,其对于深部地下工程的爆破开挖及高放废物的深地质处置,有一定的理论指导意义。

RESEARCH ON THE SMOOTH BLASTING INFLUENCEDBY THE CAVE CUTTING METHOD

Based on the smooth blasting method, the blasting parameters of the Beishan Excavation Tunnel have been designed, which is much more suitable to this project. Furthermore, the smooth blasting influenced by the cave cutting method has been researched in detail. Three different cutting methods have been designed, i.e. parallel hole cutting, single wedge hole cutting and duplex wedge hole cutting, for the same rock mass and geological condition with the same detonator and explosive. In advance, the blasting has been carried out under different cutting methods. It is found that the parallel cutting has shown a better smooth effect, and the single and duplex wedge cutting has indicated that the size of the rock fragment is almost even and the throw distance of the rock is a bit suitable for slag. It should be noticed that, blasting method includes numerous blasting parameters, which interaction each other. Those blasting parameters obtained just on the cutting method, and the result and the theoretical knowledge could be applied to the blasting and excavation of the deep geo-engineering and the HLW geo-disposal.