考虑共享出行的用户均衡交通分配模型

为了研究共享出行行为对交通分配问题的影响,本文提出一个基于路径的共享出行用户均衡交通分配模型.在该模型中,出行者不仅要选择从出发地到目的地的路径,而且还要进行模式选择,以达到最小化广义路径出行成本的目的.本文构建的考虑共享机制的交通分配模型引入两个假设:1)一个乘客只被一个共乘司机搭载,一个司机只载一个乘客;2)由于参与共享出行活动,共乘司机和乘客均可获得额外的共享出行奖励,此外共乘乘客还能得到共享出行成本折扣.这两个假设使得所构建的共享出行用户均衡模型更贴近现实.Braess网络中的数值结果分析了关键参数对均衡结果的影响,结果表明:共享出行成本优惠和共享出行奖励均是鼓励出行者参与共享出行活动的有效措施.

A user equilibrium assignment model with ridesharing

In this paper, we propose a path-based user equilibrium assignment model with ridesharing to study the impact of ridesharing activities on traffic assignment problem. In the proposed ridesharing user equilibrium model, travelers not only choose routes from origin to destination, but also decide transportation modes to minimize travelers' generalized path travel cost. The proposed model is more realistic than the existing ones on account of two additional assumptions:1) each passenger is carried by only one ridesharing driver and each driver share a ride with one rider; 2) due to ridesharing activities, both ridesharing drivers and passengers receive an extra ridesharing rewards, passengers gain ridesharing cost discount. We analyze the impacts of key parameters on equilibrium results in the Braess network. The numerical results show that ridesharing rewards and cost discount are effective measures to motivate travelers to participate in ridesharing activities.