北平研究院植物学研究所的二十年

北平研究院植物学研究所是民国时期著名的植物学研究机构。抗战前主要从事我国北部、西北部植物调查与分类、植物地理学研究等工作。1936年11月,在陕西武功与西北农学院合作组建中国西北植物调查所,以调查西北植物和进行应用植物学研究。抗战爆发前夕,植物学研究所将大部分人员和设备迁往陕西武功继续工作,1944年一部分人员又南迁昆明。抗战期间,除继续纯粹学理研究外,还积极从事应用植物学研究。作者以原始档案以及相关文献为基础,叙述北平研究院植物所及其与西北农学院合办之中国西北植物调查所的创办缘起和沿革,各个时期的工作概况、成就,澄清一些历史事实,并初步分析北平研究院植物所在中国近代生物学史上的贡献。

Twenty Years of the Institute of Botany of National Academy of Peiping

The Institute of Botany of National Academy of Peiping was a famous botanical institute during the period of the Republic of China. Extensive prewar activity of collecting plant specimens from north and northwest China was going on by the Institute. Based on the specimens collected by it,the Institute focused on field taxonomy,botanical geography,fungus and flora of north China. In November 1936, under the joint sponsorship of the Institute and the National Northwestern Agricultural College,the Botanical Survey of Northwest China was planned and organized at Wugong in Shaanxi Province, with the aim to do research work on the plants of northwest China and their economic value. Before the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Institute was able to get away from Peiping with both its personnel and equipments and resume its activities in the far interior province of Shaanxi. In 1944, a part of the personnel came to Kunming. During the War, the Institute laid stress not only on pure botany, but also on applied botany. Making use of historical archives and relevant documents, this paper attempts to narrate its origin of the foundation and evolution, general situation of work in different periods, research achievements , and analyze the contribution of the Institute in the biological history of modern China.