Hypoxia in the regulation of neural stem cells |
| |
Authors: | Lidia De Filippis Domenico Delia |
| |
Institution: | (1) Department of Biotechnologies and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy;(2) Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCSS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy |
| |
Abstract: | In aerobic organisms, oxygen is a critical factor in tissue and organ morphogenesis from embryonic development throughout
post-natal life, as it regulates various intracellular pathways involved in cellular metabolism, proliferation, survival and
fate. In the mammalian central nervous system, oxygen plays a critical role in regulating the growth and differentiation state
of neural stem cells (NSCs), multipotent neuronal precursor cells that reside in a particular microenvironment called the
neural stem cell niche and that, under certain physiological and pathological conditions, differentiate into fully functional
mature neurons, even in adults. In both experimental and clinical settings, oxygen is one of the main factors influencing
NSCs. In particular, the physiological condition of mild hypoxia (2.5–5.0% O2) typical of neural tissues promotes NSC self-renewal; it also favors the success of engraftment when in vitro-expanded NSCs
are transplanted into brain of experimental animals. In this review, we analyze how O2 and specifically hypoxia impact on NSC self-renewal, differentiation, maturation, and homing in various in vitro and in vivo
settings, including cerebral ischemia, so as to define the O2 conditions for successful cell replacement therapy in the treatment of brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases. |
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 PubMed SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|