野外大熊猫粪便中内寄生虫病的研究

自1985年11月至1988年12月.我们对四川省的27个县、市和8个自然保护区及甘肃省的文县和白水河自然保护区的不同海拔、不同地域的野外大熊猫粪便共计2680份.每份称取适量粪便,用沉淀法和漂浮法(漂浮液为硫酸镁饱和溶液)进行检查。检查结果,在1505份粪便内发现有西氏蛔虫(Ascaris schroederi)卵,感染率56.15%;在121份粪便内发现熊弓蛔虫(Toxas-caris seleactis)卵,阳性率4.51%;在13份粪便中发现槽盘吸虫(Ogmocotyle sp.)卵,感染率0.48%;在3份粪便中发现圆形线虫(Strongylata)卵,感染率0.11%,在1份粪便内发现肺线虫幼虫,阳性率0.04%。调查结果表明,西氏蛔虫是大熊猫体内寄生虫的优势种,而且不同地区,不同海拔高度和不同年龄的大熊猫感染情况无明显差别。因此,对大熊猫西氏蛔虫的进一步研究是保护大熊猫的一大课题。

THE INTERNAL PARASITIC INFECTION IN WILD GIANT PANDAS (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)

From Nov.1985 to Dec.1988,We analyzed feces from 2680 defecation sites in 28 counties(includ- ing nine nature reserves)in Sichuan Province,and Baishuijiang Nature Reserve (Wen county)in Gansu Province.Ten grams were taken from each samples and examined by the method of sedimentation and flotation.Ascaris schroederi eggs were discovered in 1505 of the 2680 samples,corresponding to an in- fection rates of 56.15%.Corresponding frequencies and infection rates for species were:Toxascaris sele- nactis eggs 121 (4.51%);Ogmocotyle so.eggs 13 (0.48%);Strongylata eggs3 (0.11%);lunsworm larvas 1 (0.04% ).Thus Ascaris schroederi was the dominant internal parasite in the samples collected. The infection rates in different areas,elevations and age groups were not significantly different.