灵活性负荷参与电网调度的经济优化运行

在“碳达峰、碳中和”的背景下，大规模新能源并网使系统出现了调峰压力大、新能源消纳难等问题。随着灵活性负荷占比的不断增大，根据灵活性负荷的不同特性，针对系统面临的问题提出了“源-网-荷-储”相协调的双层优化运行模型。首先，基于分时电价策略引导用户用电行为，建立提升源荷双方综合满意度以及净负荷波动最小的上层多目标模型，利用粒子群算法对上层模型进行求解得到优化后的负荷需求响应并带入下层模型中。其次，根据源荷双方的供需关系，确定参与调度灵活负荷的运行方式，构建以系统调度运行成本最小为目标的下层模型，并采用Cplex求解器求解。最后，以某地区实际系统为例，结果表明了灵活性负荷参与电网调度可缓解电网调峰压力，提高了可再生能源消纳能力，并验证了本文所提模型的有效性。

Flexible load participates in the economic optimization operation of power grid dispatching

In the background of "carbon peak, carbon neutral", large-scale new energy grid connection has caused the system peak adjustment pressure, new energy consumption difficulties and other problems. With the increasing proportion of flexible load, according to the different characteristics of flexible load, this paper proposes a two-layer optimal operation model of "source-network-charge-storage-coordinated" to solve the problems faced by the system. Firstly, based on the Time-of-use tariff strategy, some users are guided to use electricity, and the upper multi-objective model is established to improve the comprehensive satisfaction of both sources and loads and the net load fluctuation is minimal. Particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the upper level model to obtain the optimized load demand response and bring it into the lower level model. Secondly, according to the supply and demand relationship between the two sides of the source and load, the operation mode of flexible load participating in scheduling is determined, and the lower layer model aiming at the minimum operation cost of the system scheduling is constructed, and the Cplex solver is used to solve the model. Finally, taking the actual system of a region as an example, the results show that the participation of flexible load in power grid dispatching can alleviate the peak regulation pressure of power grid, improve the absorption capacity of renewable energy, and verify the effectiveness of the model proposed in this paper.