培养条件下生物炭对红壤菜地土氨挥发和土壤性质的影响

本研究以南方酸性红壤菜地为供试土壤，利用密闭法室内培养模拟，研究了生物炭单独添加（B处理）或与尿素同时添加（BN处理）对土壤氨挥发、土壤化学性质和酶活性的影响.结果表明:与 CK 相比，生物炭单独添加处理（B）氨挥发量显著增加，如果同时添加尿素（BN）则氨挥发量更高.单独添加生物炭后，土壤pH值、EC值、CEC值以及脲酶活性和蛋白酶活性显著增加，但除CEC值外，其余指标B处理和BN处理间没有差异.相关分析表明，氨挥发与土壤pH值、EC值、脲酶活性存在显著正相关，与CEC值存在极显著正相关，与蛋白酶活性相关性不显著.在酸性土壤中施用生物炭要考虑氨挥发引起的氮素损失问题.

Effects of biochar on ammonia volatilisation and soil properties of vegetable-planting red soil in a laboratory

To explore the effects of biochar (B treatment) or biochar combined with urea (BN treatment) on cumulative NH3 volatilization,soil chemical properties and soil enzymatic activities,a laboratory simulation experiment was conducted by vegetable-planting acidic red soil.The results showed that,comparing with no biochar and urea treatment (CK) the cumulative NH3 volatilization with B treatment increased significantly,then the cumulative NH3 volatilization with BN treatment was increased even more.The value of soil pH,EC,CEC,soil urase activity and protease activity with B treatment increased comparing with CK treatment,however no difference was observed between B and BN treatment,expect soil CEC value.The NH3 volatilization was positively correlated with the soil pH,EC,urase activity and soil CEC,while not significantly associated with the protease activity.It is necessary to consider how to minimize N loss through NH3 volatilization in acidic soil when applying biochar.