中国与日本的水管理及其比较研究(一)——水管理体系的评价系统

建立了水管理体系的评价系统 ,以水管理形态和水利用形态作为反映水管理特征的两个坐标 ,将水管理形态分为统制型、自治型、契约型、信托型等 ;将水利用形态归纳为共同型、协同型、独自型、独占型等 ;设定了水管理系统的评价指标 ,即公平性、用水自由度、需要对应性和效率性等 .运用结果表明 ,这一评价系统能有效地抽象出水管理体系的主要特性 ,简洁明了地对水管理体系进行定性评价 .

A Comparative Study on Characteristics of Irrigation Systems in Japan and China 1.Water Management Assessment System

In this paper, an assessment system is set up for water management and water use,in which the types of irrigation management and water use are taken as the criterion coordinates, and water management is classified into bureaucratic water management,self governed water management, contracted water management,and trust water management;water use is classified into collective water use,cooperative water use,independent water use,and monopoly water use.An assessment index system is also set up for the water management system,including impartiality index,water availability index,and water use efficiency index.The application of the index system shows that the assessment system can epitomize the main characteristics of a water management system and can easily,unequivocally assess the water management system.