玉屏油茶果实性状的通径和聚类分析

为选育玉屏当地油茶优良无性系,对玉屏自然生长群体的油茶果实性状进行了通径和聚类分析。主要果实性状因子对产量的通径分析表明,单株产油量的通径系数为0.867,单株干籽重的通径系数为0.413,鲜果含油率的通径系数为-0.121,单株总果数的通径系数为-0.260。四者对单株鲜果产量的直接影响力为:单株产油量 > 单株干籽重 > 鲜果含油率 > 单株总果数。聚类分析表明,自然群体52个个体可划分为两个类群,I类具有高产高含油量特性,II类具有低产低含油量特性。II类可分为IIa和IIb两个亚类群,各亚类群中干籽含油率相近的无性系多归在同一亚亚类群中,说明干籽含油率是油茶果实表型性状中最重要的分类性状。研究结果可为玉屏油茶自然群体种质资源分类以及资源开发利用提供参考。

Path and Cluster Analysis of Fruit Characteristics of Camellia Oleifera in Yuping County

To select and bred superior clones, path and cluster analysis of Camellia oleifera’s fruit traits were studied for nature populations. The path analysis of different fruit characteristics to fresh-fruit yield per plant showed that the path coefficient of oil-production per plant was 0.867, the path coefficient of dry seed weight was 0.413, the path coefficient of oil content in fresh fruit was -0.121 and the path coefficient of fruit number per plant was -0.260. The direct influences on fresh fruit yield per plant of these four factors are oil-production per plant > dry seed weigh > oil content in fresh fruit > fruit number per plant. Cluster analysis showed that the natural populations of 52 individuals were classified into two classes. One group was high fruit yield and high oil content per plant and the other group was low fruit yield and low oil content per plant. The second group could be divided into two sub-types IIa and IIb. In these two sub-groups, the lines containing close dry seed oil content usually were clustered in the same sub-sub-group. This showed that dry seed oil content was the most important category trait in the fruit phenotypic traits of Camellia oleifera. This study would provide theoretical and technical foundation for future classification and resource utilization of Camellia oleifera in Yuping.