高尔夫球场的景观生态分析及规划建议

运用景观生态学的原理对高尔夫球场进行景观生态分析并指导规划将有助于提高球场的生态效益,降低环境负面影响.分析结果表明:高尔夫球场包含人工、自然以及人工管理三大景观要素,依据形态的不同又可分别归属于廊道、斑块和本底,并且以特定的空间关系构成高尔夫球场特有的景观格局;土壤污染物运移和动植物流是有关球场生态环境保护的重要景观生态流类型,分别呈现特定的规律;高草区是高尔夫球场的生态交错带,在生物多样性保护和控制土壤污染物扩散方面发挥重要作用.基于以上分析,认为进行高尔夫球场规划时,应合理配置景观要素,构建高连通性和异质性的景观格局;重视自然廊道的建设和引入,多保留带状廊道,形成人工廊道、自然廊道和管理廊道镶嵌分布的格局;重视高草区建设,提高物种多样性,降低污染;依据基地情况选择合适的球场格局,加强球道环内外大型自然斑块的保护,引进适合物种,最大限度减少球道的隔离影响.

Landscape Ecological Analysis and Planning Suggestion of Golf Course

Landscape ecological analysis and planning suggestion on golf course applying prin-ciple of landscape ecology contribute to increasing ecological benefit of golf course and reducingnegative effects on environment.Analysis results show that golf course consists of artificial,naturaland manually managed landscape elements,which are assigned to corridors,patches and matrix,and form a specific landscape structure in a particular spacial relation.Soil pollution migration,plants and animals flow,which presents specific regulation respectively,are two important landscapeecological flow types connected with golf course＇ s environments.Roughs is the ecotone of golf course which plays an important role in biodiversity conservation and soil contaminant controling.Basedon above analyses,some suggestions should be paid attention to during golf course planning.Con-figurating landscape elements appropriately build landscape pattern with high connectivity and het-erogeneity.It is important to build and apply natural corridors and reserve strip corridors in order toform a pattern with mosaic distribution of artificial,natural and managed corridors.The buildingof roughs should be payed attention to,in order to improve species diversity and reduce pollution.According to land conditions,the appropriate golf course pattern should be chosen,the large-scalepatches inside or outside fairway circles should be protected,and proper species should be imported,which contribute to reduce fairways＇ isolation effects greatly.