极软岩巷道底臌锚注支护控制技术

针对极软岩巷道围岩变形破坏和严重底臌问题，现场通过对巷道围岩进行地应力量测、物理力学性质分析测试、矿物成分分析和节理裂隙调查确定了软岩类型。并针对现场围岩的具体情况，设计了有效的控制极软岩巷道底臌的锚注支护方案，通过使用岩石破裂过程分析(RFEA)系统对支护方案进行了数值模拟，进而确定一次锚网喷支护、二次锚注支护方案能够有效地加固巷道的两帮、顶板以及底角，并抑制底臌的发生，进而提高围岩本身的承载能力，达到治理围岩的目的。通过工程实践证明，此种支护方案是有效并且可行的。

Bolt-grouting support technique controlling floor heave of extremely soft rock roadway

Based on the in-situ measurements of ground pressure and physical and mechanical properties of rocks, and analysis of minerals composition and fissures in rock, the type of soft rock was determined to investigate the deformation and failure of surrounding rocks and floor heave in extremely soft rock roadway in Guhanshan Coal Mine. Considering the field conditions of the surrounding rocks, an effective bolt-grouting support technique was designed to control the floor heave and the technique was also numerically validated using the Rock Failure Process Analysis code. The numerical results show that bolt-shotcrete-netting at first and then bolt-grouting technique can effectively strengthen the surrounding rocks and constrain floor heave in roadway. In addition, engineering application of bolt-grouting technique in Guhanshan Coal Mine also show that it is effective and practical.