香港郊野公园薇甘菊的化学防除研究

在香港郊野公园内选择薇甘菊危害较严重的草灌丛、灌木林和常绿阔叶林3种群落类型，设置样地5 000 m2，用0.05～0.1 g#8226;m-2嘧磺隆对样地中的薇甘菊进行化学防除试验, 并在施用除草剂后3、5和14个月跟踪调查施药对薇甘菊的杀灭效果以及对样地中其他植物和群落物种多样性的影响.结果表明嘧磺隆对样地薇甘菊有极好的杀灭效果.施药后3个月，样地中有45种植物产生了不同程度上的影响，占样地内所有种类的30%.受影响最大的是藤本和草本植物，其次是灌木，乔木受影响最小.施药后14个月，乔木和灌木生长正常, 草本植物基本恢复.施药清除薇甘菊后，能大幅度地增加群落的物种多样性.

THE CHEMICAL CONTROL OF MIKANIA MICRANTHA IN THE COUNTRY PARK OF HONG KONG

Three types of community of 5000 m2, herbaceous scrub, shrub forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest damaged by Mikania. micrantha, were established in the Country Park of Hong Kong. The herbicide sulfometuron-methy (concentration 0.05～0.1g&;#8226;m-2) was tested to kill M. micrantha. The effect of herbicide sulfometuron-methy killing M. micrantha and its influence on other plants and species diversity in communities were analyzed. The result was showed that sulfometuron-methy could kill M. micrantha effectively. 45 species of plants accounting for 30% of those in plots were affected in deferent degree by the herbicide after having sprayed the herbicide for 3 months. Liana and herbs were affected hardest by the herbicide, while shrubs and trees were affected slightly. After having been sprayed the herbicide for 14 months, shrubs and trees with spotted and dead leaves grow normally, and withered herbs have renewed. The species diversity of the communities has increased gradually after M. micrantha were killed by the herbicide.