纳米技术在抗肿瘤药物靶向递释系统中的应用研究进展

 纳米载药技术已经在抗肿瘤药物递送领域受到广泛关注。纳米技术可以显著增加难溶性药物的生物利用度，改善药物释放与摄取行为，提高药物对肿瘤组织的靶向性，增加药物在肿瘤组织的分布与蓄积，降低药物对正常组织和细胞毒副作用，实现减毒增效。尽管如此，如何有效克服肿瘤生理屏障，进一步提高化疗药物的肿瘤特异性，实现肿瘤组织深度渗透和肿瘤细胞内可控释药仍然是开发抗肿瘤纳米药物亟需解决的重大挑战。从被动靶向、物理靶向、主动靶向和仿生靶向4个方面概述了纳米载药系统抗肿瘤药物在克服肿瘤屏障实现肿瘤靶向药物递送方面的研究进展。

Progress of nanosized drug delivery systems for targeted tumor therapy

Nanosized drug delivery systems (NDDS) have shown enormous potential in cancer therapy, as they can increase the bioavailability of poor water-soluble drugs, improve the drug distribution in tumor tissues, promote intracellular uptake as well as drug release inside tumor cells. The rational design of NDDS by utilizing the physiological properties of tumor may suppress the non-specific interactions between NDDS and normal tissue, and increase their tumor specificity and therapeutic performance. In this review, we briefly summarize the recent progress of passively-, actively-and biomimetically-targeting NDDS for cancer therapy.