事故树分析法的应用研究

对常用的安全评价方法之一的事故树分析法(FTA)进行了较为深入的研究和探讨。其中对FTA的分析思路进行了深入的理论分析，并对其主要的分析方法进行了剖析。在对FTA的应用研究中，以亚洲首家甲醇羰基化生产醋酐为例进行了实例分析，通过编制相应的事故树、成功树，运用布尔代数法和相应规则计算了各基本事件的结构重要度系数，依照各基本事件的结构重要度系数对各基本事件的结构重要度进行了排序，并在此基础上提出了确保安全生产所应采取的科学、合理、有效的优先安全控制措施，以实现对生产系统单元的最优安全控制。最后，指出了FTA实际应用的优缺点及其应用范围。

THE APPLICATION OF FAULT TREE ANALYSIS

The Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), one of the common approaches to safety evaluation, is explored and discussed. Based on a theoretical analysis of the FTA, especially analytical thought and approaches, the main characteristics of the FTA are summed up. Taking the anhydride acetic acid produced by the methanol carbonylation method in Asia as the example, authors of the paper analyze the application of the FTA by designing relevant fault tree, successful tree, applying Boolean algebra and corresponding formula to calculate the structure importance coefficient of each basic event and arrange the order of the structure importance of each basic event. With this understanding, the scientific, appropriate and effective security control measures to realize the best control of product unit are put forward, the merits and shortcomings of the FTA and its application range pointed out.