圆柱形弹丸高速撞击薄板的碎片云特性数值模拟

为研究不同形状空间碎片超高速撞击薄板产生的碎片云特性，采用非线性动力学分析软件AUTODYN-2D，利用光滑质点动力学方法（SPH）对圆柱形弹丸超高速正撞击单层薄铝板防护结构形成的碎片云进行数值模拟，分析相同质量和速度条件下，不同长径比的圆柱形弹丸超高速撞击所产生碎片云的形态、轴向长度、径向直径、轴向速度等参量随弹丸长径比的变化规律。结果表明，弹丸破碎程度和碎片云分散程度随弹丸长径比的改变而改变。随着弹丸长径比的增加，碎片云对航天器舱壁的损伤能力增强，弹丸对薄板的损伤程度减弱。该结果为航天器超高速撞击风险评估和防护工程设计提供了参考。

Numerical simulation on characteristics of debris clouds produced by cylindrical projectiles hypervelocity impact on thin plates

Aimed at investigating the characteristics of debris clouds produced by hypervelocity im- pact on thin plates by space debris of different shapes, this paper introduces the reliance on domestic avi- ation materials, the use of the nonlinear dynamic analysis software AUTODYN-2 d and smooth particle dynamics method（SPH） to perform the numerical simulation on debris clouds resulting from the hyperve- locity impact on the protective structure of aluminum plate by cylindrical projectile and then analyze the law underlying the parameters changing with different ratio between length and radius. These parameters consist of the form of debris cloud, axial location of debris clouds, radial extension of debris cloud and tip particle velocity of debris clouds which, with the same mass and velocity, are created by the hyperveloci- ty impact on thin plates by cylindrical projectiles with different ratio between length and radius. The re- sults show that the degree to which projectiles are fragmented and debris clouds disperse is conditioned by the velocity of the projectiles. The increased ratio between length and radius of projectiles triggers a grea- ter damage by the debris clouds to the wall of spacecraft and a smaller damage to thin plates by projec- tiles. The result may provide reference for risk assessment of hypervelocity impact on spacecraft and de- sign of shielding structure.