基于CVM的崇明东滩湿地非使用价值评价

【目的】上海崇明东滩湿地在维持鸟类生物多样性、净化大气和湿地水质及促淤成陆等方面具有较大的非使用价值,为了对湿地生态系统的生态资源价值核算、生态补偿政策制定等提供参考,对崇明东滩湿地的非使用价值进行评估。【方法】基于条件价值法(CVM),针对该湿地生态系统非使用价值保护支付意愿,采用支付卡式问卷进行湿地生态价值调查。【结果】研究共发放问卷490份,回收有效问卷462份,发现受访者为保护崇明东滩湿地环境、维持湿地功能,平均每年愿意支付58.3元,则估算出崇明东滩湿地生态系统非使用价值为48.75亿元/a。根据Pearson相关分析及Logistic 回归分析结果,支付意愿与受访者年龄、职业、近3 a旅游次数等因素极显著相关,与教育程度、对崇明东滩湿地的熟悉程度显著相关,与性别、月收入、居住地等因素相关性不显著。最大支付意愿值与受访者性别、教育程度、近3 a旅游次数等因素极显著相关; 与年龄、职业、月收入、对崇明湿地了解程度、居住地等的相关性因素不显著。【结论】应加强对崇明东滩湿地提供生态服务功能的宣传, 增强人们对东滩湿地作用和功能的认识以有利于东滩湿地非使用价值体现, 从而有效开展东滩湿地的建设和管理。

Non-use value assessment of the Chongming Dongtan wetland based on the contingent valuation method

【Objective】Chongming Dongtan wetland plays an important role in ecological services, including the maintenance of bird biodiversity, purification of the atmosphere, water quality and sediment deposition. It can provide the reference for the ecological resource value accounting and the policy making of the ecological compensation in the wetland ecosystem. 【Method】The contingent valuation method(CVM)was used to evaluate the non-use value of Chongming Dongtan wetland. A questionnaire of payment card based on CVM was developed for the survey study. 【Result】 We sent out the questionnaires to 490 respondents,and received 462 usable responses.Data analysis reveals that the value of willingness to pay(WTP)of Dongtan wetland is RMB 58.3 Yuan per year.The total annual non-use value of Chongming Dongtan wetland is RMB 4.875 billion Yuan per year.The results showed that age,occupation and travel times in recent three years were extremely closely correlated with WTP, also educational status, familiarity to Dongtan wetland were closely correlated with WTP, while gender, domicile, monthly income level were not correlated with WTP. Further more, the gender, educational level and travel times in recent three years were extremely correlated with the WTP value, while age, occupation, monthly in come, familiarity to Dongtan wetland and domicile were not correlated with WTP value. 【Conclusion】 This study highlights the need for publicity and awareness of wetland ecosystem services among the public. This could be useful for increasing the non-use value of the wetland, and then would be benefit to the wetland management.