Electrochemical exfoliation for few-layer graphene in molybdate aqueous solution and its application for fast electrothermal film

There are still serious barriers from laboratory exploration to large-scale production of commercializing high-quality graphene, especially by environmental-friendly methods. In this study, a simple and efficient electrochemical method for the preparation of high-quality water-dispersible graphene has been developed using molybdate aqueous solutions as the electrolyte. The exfoliation of graphite paper could be achieved in the electrolyte with a high yield of a few layers graphene (1–5 layers, 76%) and uniform lateral size (1–6 μm, 90%). The as-obtained few layers graphene well dispersed in aqueous solution with a solubility of ~4 mg mL^?1 and stability for at least 2 months. It provides a new green method to prepare high-quality graphene. The as-prepared water-dispersible graphene films exhibit significant electrothermal performance, with a steady-state temperature of 147 °C under voltage of 10 V and a maximum heating rate achieved of 11.8 °C s^-1.