湖北省非物质文化遗产空间分布的影响因素分析

湖北省673项非物质文化遗产(简称非遗)在空间上呈不均匀分布特征，究其成因，是各驱动力的综合影响结果，因此为了探明不同影响因素对湖北省非遗空间分布形成的作用，该文从自然因素和人文因素2大方面，具体分为地形、河流、文化、经济4个子方面对其进行剖析.研究表明：1)地势对非遗的影响作用体现在平原—台地单元的促进作用和山地—丘陵单元的保护作用上，由此导致平原—台地型非遗分布范围广泛、传播距离远，而山地—丘陵型非遗则正好相反；2)湖北省非遗普遍具有亲水性，各类非遗到河流的平均距离均小于10 km.河流的作用主要体现在影响人类定居地点和出行方式上，由此导致非遗主要分布于河流两岸；3)荆楚文化中的楚国历史文化、清江巴土文化和江城武汉文化对湖北省非遗的产生与分布作用最显著；4)经济集聚效应是影响非遗产生、空间分布、流动传播的重要影响因素，湖北省非遗的集聚中心随着历史上的经济文化中心迁移而迁移.

Factors analysis of intangible cultural heritage's spatial distribution characteristics in Hubei Province

Through the analysis of the spatial characteristics of 673 intangible cultural heritage (ICH) in Hubei Province， it is found that the distribution characteristics of various types ICH are unique to each other. Therefore， a further factors analysis is proceeded based on nature and humanity. The results shows as follows. Firstly， the influence of topography on ICH reflects in the promotion of the plains and tablands units and the protection of the mountains and hills units. As a result， ICH in the plains and tablands units are widely distributed， while ICH in the mountains and hills is just on the opposite. Secondly， ICH of Hubei Province is generally hydrophilic because the average distance of ICH to rivers is less than 10 km. The rivers influence spatial distribution of ICH mainly by impacting human settlements and ways of travel choices. Thirdly， the Chu State Culture， the Qingjiang Batu Culture and the Wuhan Culture of Jinchu Culture have the most significant effects on the production and diffusion of Hubei Province' ICH. Finally， economic agglomeration effect plays an important role on the generation， spatial distribution and diffusion of ICH， and gathering centers of ICH are consistent with Hubei Province' historical economic and cultural centers.