小规模无线传感器网络中GEAR协议的改进

无线传感器网络中基于地理位置的能量感知路由协议（GEAR）在发送数据分组的过程中,由于缺乏足够的网络拓扑信息以及传感器节点能量有限等问题,会遭遇路由空洞,出现短暂路由环现象.针对特定场景下的小规模网络中GEAR路由协议进行优化,提出一种改进的路由机制（SGEAR）.机制基于节点的剩余能量进行选择,对代价函数进行调整,使被选择过的节点、空洞节点、节点能量值低于阈值这3种情况的节点不会再被选择作为下一跳节点.改进算法避免了节点修改自身代价值后,广播消息的不及时造成的短暂路由环现象,提高了时效性,达到更好的性能.仿真结果表明：改进的路由算法能够减少路由空洞个数,进一步降低网络能量消耗,延长网络的生命周期.

Improved GEAR Protocol for Small-Scale Wireless Sensor Network

As a geographic location based energy aware routing protocol in wireless sensor networks,GEAR will lead to routing void and transient routing loop during the process of packet transmission due to insufficient knowledge of network topology information and limited node energy.Considering specific scenarios of small-scale networks,GEAR protocol is optimized and an improved routing mechanism,SGEAR,is presented to select a route based on node residual energy.Through the adjustment of the cost function,previously selected nodes,void nodes and the nodes with residual energy below a threshold cannot be chosen as the next hop.The SGEAR eliminates transient routing loop caused by the delayed broadcast of the modified node cost value.The protocol performance is improved by enhancing time efficiency.Simulation results show that SGEAR can reduce the numbers of void routing and network energy consumption,and prolong network life.