红皮云杉半同胞子代生长动态分析及遗传效应综合评价

红皮云杉(Picea koraiensis Nakai.)为中国寒温带珍贵的针叶树种之一,性喜凉爽湿润的森林气候,生态幅度较宽,对生境的适应具有一定的可塑性.在分析起源和地理分布以及生态耦合性的基础上,以半同胞家系子代测定林为对象,采用固定样株连续测定的方法,探讨地径和苗高或树高早期生长动态,综合评价数量性状的遗传效应.结果表明:红皮云杉的生态适应性和生态耦合性较强,能够快速地适应新的生态环境,但是群体间生长性状存在一定程度的变异.其中,树高变异较小,年生长量变异较大,平均变异系数分别为4.19%和18.54%;生长性状受遗传基因的控制程度强,遗传力强,遗传分化小,遗传增益较高,生长潜力较大,树高、地径和近5 a的年生长量等7个性状的遗传力分别为0.989,0.900,0.808,0.918,0.901,0.889和0.858,遗传增益分别为3.55%,11.59%,18.25%,23.55%,20.89%,22.66%和15.45%.

Growth Dynamic Analysis of Half-sib Progeny and Comprehensive Evaluation on Heredity Effects of Picea koraiensis

Picea koraiensis is one of the valuable softwood species in the cool temperate zone,which prefers the cold and wetter climate,and it has widely ecological amplitude and a certain degree of plasticity. By the method of continuous observation of permanent sampling trees,this thesis discussed the early growth dynamic of the seedling diameter and the seedling or tree height,and comprehensively evaluated the heredity effects of quantity characters from Picea koraiensis on the basis of analyzing its originate,geographic distribution and ecological coupling. The research results showed that Picea koraiensis has stronger ecological adaptability and coupling,and it can easily adapt to the new ecological environment,the coefficients of variance of seedling height (4. 19%) were smaller, but its current increment of height (18. 54%) was larger among populations. Meanwhile its growth character has strong heritability,high genetic gain,and remarkable heredity effects. The heritability of seedling height,seedling diameter,and current increment of height were 0. 989,0. 900,0. 808,0. 918,0. 901,0. 889 and 0. 858,and the genetic gain were 3. 55%,11. 59%,18. 25%,23. 55%,20. 89%,22. 66% and 15. 45%,respectively.