从人菌共生的角度探讨生物安全与传染病防控的新思路

 近年来发生的与传染病以及生物安全相关事件，如2003年严重急性呼吸系统综合征（SARS）和近期中东呼吸综合征（MERS）等，以及合成生物学技术在人造生命方面的安全风险，提示传染病防控和生物安全的现状不容乐观。如何重构、重建、重塑人类与微生物、尤其是病原微生物之间的关系，已成为重要的现实问题。结合国内外关于人体共生微生物尤其是肠道菌群与慢病相关性的研究进展，从生命起源与协同进化的角度考虑，提出需要正视微生物本身应有的生存空间与生存逻辑，辩证分析并重构人与病毒、人与菌群之间的平衡关系，从人菌共生、人菌共赢的角度出发，通过改善人体共生微生态环境，提高人体免疫力，为传染病防控和生物安全提供新思路。

New ideas to prevent and control infectious diseases via exploring symbiotic characteristics between human and microorganism

In recent years there have been a large number of troubles caused by infectious diseases and biological safety incidents, such as the SARS in 2003 and the MERS event. In addition the rapid development of synthetic biology technology in artificial life has probably accelerated the threat of infectious diseases. The situation of biological safety is becoming more serious and looking for effective control and prevention. In this article, taking the scientific and technological progress in recent years and the related works in our laboratory in gut flora and chronic disease control and prevention we propose some new ideas of prevention and control of infectious diseases by exploring symbiotic characteristics between human and microorganism. It may be an alternative choice for us to understand that the microorganisms should also have reasonable rights to live in the environment. The reasonable relationship between human beings and symbiotic microorganism should be a win-win mode through protecting and optimizing the symbiotic microorganism system to improve human immunity. Therefore, it is important to provide new ideas for prevention and control of infectious diseases and biological safety by living with microorganisms in peace.