植物结构铝基复合材料的制备及热学性能

为研制新型复合材料,将植物结构引入到金属基复合材料的制备中.该文以柳桉木材为模板,先将其转变为多孔碳,再通过铝合金和硅树脂的浸渍,制备了具有木材结构的Al/C、Al/(SiC+C)两种铝基复合材料,并通过扫面电镜、热膨胀仪和导热仪对复合材料的微观结构、热膨胀性能及导热性能进行了研究,建立了导热模型.结果发现该复合材料的结构由所选模板的结构决定,这与以往结构完全由人为控制的金属基复合材料不同;并且其热膨胀系数明显低于铝合金,导热系数(98.2和95.4 W·m~(-1)·K~(-1))远高于由木材转化的多孔碳(2.22 W·m~(-1)·K~(-1)).

Preparation and Thermal Properties of Aluminum Matrix Composites with Plant Structure

To research new composite materials, the plant structure is applied to the metal matrix composites preparation. The lauan wood is used as a template to prepare Al/C and Al/(SiC+C) composites. Porous carbon is first pyrolyzed from the wood template. The final composites having wood structure are obtained by injecting aluminum alloy and silicone resin into the porous carbon. The microstructures, thermal expansions, and thermal conductivity of these products are analyzed by the scanning microscope, dilatometer, and conductometer. The model of thermal conduction is established. The results indicate that the structure of the composite is determined by the natural structure of the template selected. This is different from the traditional metal matrix composites with their structures obtained artificially. The composites exhibit a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than aluminum and a higher thermal conductivity (98.2 and 95.4 W·m~(-1) ·K~(-1) ) than porous carbon (2.22 W·m~(-1) ·K~(-1) ).