分布式光纤传感器在管道泄漏监测中的应用

提出了一种利用分布式光纤传感器对输送管道泄漏进行实时监测的技术．输送管道发生泄漏、管道附近的机械施工和人为破坏等事件产生的振动、压力或温度变化信号作用于光纤时，光波在光纤中传输时产生的损耗具有不同的信号特征．分布式光纤传感器可以同时获取损耗的空间分布及其随时间的变化．在入射端利用光时域反射技术和在输出端利用光功率检测，可实现光纤上各点静态与动态损耗的测量和定位．计算机通过对数据进行分析和融合，根据信号特征判断并淮确定位管道泄漏等事件的发生，提高压力管道的监测水平．

Distributed Optical Fiber Sensors for Real-time Monitoring System of Pipeline Leakage

Introduce a real-time monitoring technique for detecting and locating pipeline leakage, based on a bending distributed optical fiber sensor. The optical signal attenuation of the fiber has different characteristics, caused by temperature, pressure and vibration created by the leakage of the pipeline, mechanical construction near the pipeline or factitious destruction of the pipeline. The distributed optical fiber sensor can acquire both the distribution of the physical signals and its changes with time. The combination of Rayleigh backscattered powers measuring sub-system at input end and light-intensity-based optical fiber output powers monitoring at output end can detect and locate the static and dynamic optical attenuation. By data analysis and fusion, the leakage position may be precisely located according to the characteristics of signals and the monitoring quality of the pipeline may be improved.